What could be more interesting than consciousness? There has
been a renewed interest in this topic both on the personal level as
well as the universal level. The ever increasing stressfull complexity of contemporary life calls for more conscious awareness on the personal level. And scientists are making discoveries that indicate that everything apparently has elements of consciousness.
Science
is essentially objective while consciousness is essentially subjective.
So far they just don't seem fit together comfortably. In the past
couple of decades neuroscience has made considerable progress in
describing the constituent parts of the brain and which parts control
or are related to various physical, and emotional behaviors. But
actually remarkably science has learned little about what consciousness
really is.
Two scenarios have been put forth as to the nature of consciousness. Panpsychism
is the view that all things have a mind or a mind-like quality.
Panpsychism, taken literally, is the doctrine that everything has a
mind: plants, bacteria, even stones. This is an ancient
philosophical doctrine.
There is another, emerging idea that
consciousness is an essential part of the universe, like space,
time, mass, and energy. So it is something like electricity that
automatically exists but is not yet explained.
In recent years, scientists
have discovered that 95% of the contents of the cosmos are invisible to
our current methods of direct detection. Yet something is holding
galaxies and galaxy clusters together, and something else is causing
space to fly apart. It may or may not be Dark matter and dark energy Physicist Hans-Peter Durr, recently stated that "Matter is not made of matter...and exists only in the mind."
In quantum physics, entangled particles remain connected
so that actions performed on one affect the other, even when separated
by great distances. The phenomenon so riled Albert Einstein that he called it
"spooky action at a distance."
Our
view of reality has changed in just the last decade so that
we are apparently seeing the beginning of an important new chapter in
human history. This is the result of significant
discoveries, the combined effect of which appears to be ushering in a
whole new paradigm of human understanding. We no
longer see the world as solid and mechanical. We seem to be entering a new era
where consciousness is fundamental, and the universe seems to be a giant
hologram.
This new paradigm
appears to be replacing the old one which was the result of a
philosophical belief that every event is the inevitable result of
antecedent causes. Applied to ethics and psychology, it amounted to the
denial of free will. For every
event, including human action, there was supposed to exist conditions that could cause
no other event. Karl Popper and Stephen Hawking have called this scientific determinism. The idea of Determinism in philosophy, was a theory that all events, including moral choices, are completely determined by previously existing causes.
In Psychology, genetic predisposition
has been the term describing the tendency for a physical or mental
condition or disorder to be able to be inherited by the next
generation. Peer
groups were even supposed to be the result of. genetic influences. This proved to be a monster of great complexities, in which
genes trump environment. There was a wide-spread victim mentality, an acquired (learned)
personality trait in which a person tends to regard him or herself as not good enough, a
victim of the negative actions of others, and to think, speak and act
as if that were the case — even in the absence of clear evidence.
A
few hundred years ago the clergy could decide not just what was right and wrong, but
what was true and false. Their power was absolute and intolerable -
comply or die. And indeed scientists have died when they began
to show that the church was not infallible. The earth was not flat, and
not the center of the physical universe, etc.
But the tables turned. Scientists decided that
anything non-physical is mere superstition and not real. Everything has
been quantified and commodified. The invention of machines delivered
power into the hands of the wealthy and the greedy. Their exploitations
yielded a terrible new tyranny that became ever more unsustainable and
intolerable. Science dogma has become detached from reality and detached from humanity. Even consciousness
itself has been relegated to be just another part of the body. In effect, the baby was thrown out with the bath.
Determinism is the old philosophical position that for every event,
including human action, there exist conditions that could cause no other
event. Environmental Determinism
is the assumption that the physical environment predisposes human
social development towards particular trajectories. Combined with behaviorism this described life in a world that became grimmer each day.
Behaviorism
is a worldview that operates on a principle of "stimulus-response," and
behavior was thought to be caused by external stimuli (operant conditioning). This belief was that all behavior can be explained without the need to consider internal
mental states or consciousness and behavior is shaped through positive
reinforcement or negative reinforcement,
which would increase the probability that the antecedent
behavior will happen again. This led to arbitrary values and oppressive
behavior, unjust severity, tyrannical parenting, and oppressive laws.
It seems that we have been drifting towards full scale genetic and medical
tyranny.
Our brain receives a lot more data than we can process, so we have
become quite good at filtering out what we expect or need to see. Selective vision
is the act of seeing things as you choose - creating your own reality
within your mind and overlooking things outside their focus of interest.
A person can be keenly observant about one thing, and totally oblivious to something going on right next to them. Selective perception
is the tendency to not notice, or quickly forget stimuli that
causes emotional discomfort and contradicts our prior beliefs. And selective hearing is also very real, and
necessary. In a crowded room we can filter out everything except a
single conversation. A lover
only sees the beloved. So we are prone to tunnel vision often we don't see stuff that's
right in front of us.
But the
idea that consciousness is produced by the brain belongs to old Newtonian Physics. The very formulation of the newer Quantum Physics requires an independent consciousness. The new paradigm is a happier, more productive and much more
compassionate, wise, creative, and graceful place, where at any
age your brain has the ability to change,
learn, grow and be enhanced. And you can learn how to focus your
attention on the internal world of the mind in a way that will
literally change the wiring and architecture of their brain.
Neuroscience
research focuses on understanding the structure and function of
the brain from molecule to mind. It is the process of examining the
basic biological, physiological, and molecular processes that mediate
behavior.
Dan
Siegel's Mindsight
allows you to make positive changes in your brain-and in your life. His
groundbreaking book on the healing power of "Mindsight," describes the potent
skill that is the basis for both emotional and social intelligence.
Rupert Sheldrake is the modern champion of the Hypothesis of Formative Causation and Morphic Resonance, which in effect proposes that, "Morphic resonance occurs between... rhythmic structures of activity
on the basis of similarity, and through this resonance past patterns of
activity influence the fields of subsequent similar systems." (P109,
Presence of the Past, Sheldrake). An example might be that apparently
some genes are passed on from parent to offspring without ever being
part of a nuclear chromosome, which amounts to a non-DNA-based inheritance. This morphic resonance is becoming more in vogue as quantum uncertainty principles are studied.
Stuart Hameroff is an anesthesiologist and professor at the University of Arizona is known for his studies of consciousness. At the very beginning of Hameroff's career, cancer-related research work piqued his interest in the part
played by microtubules
in cell division, and led him to speculate that they were controlled by
some form of computing. It also suggested to him that part of the
solution of the problem of consciousness might lie in understanding the
operations of microtubules in brain cells, operations at the molecular
and supramolecular level.
The operations of these microtubules are remarkably complex and their role
pervasive in cellular operations; these facts led to the speculation
that computation sufficient for consciousness might somehow be occurring
there. These ideas are discussed in Hameroff's first book Ultimate Computing (1987) which dealt with the scope for information
processing in biological tissue and other
parts of the cytoskeleton.
Hameroff argued that these subneuronal cytoskeleton components could be
the basic units of computation rather than the neurons themselves. The
book was primarily concerned with information processing, with
consciousness being secondary at this stage.
Roger Penrose's first book on consciousness, The Emperor's New Mind argued on the basis of Gödel's incompleteness theorems, that the brain could perform functions that no computer or
system of algorithms could. From this it could follow that consciousness
itself might be fundamentally non-algorithmic, and incapable of being
modeled as a classical Turing machine type of computer. By contrast, the idea that it could be explained mechanistically was prevalent in the field of Artificial Intelligence at that time.
Penrose saw the principles of quantum theory as providing an
alternative process through which consciousness could arise. He further
argued that this non-algorithmic process in the brain required a new
form of the quantum wave reduction, later given the name objective reduction (OR), which could link the brain to the fundamental spacetime geometry.
At this stage, he had no precise ideas as to how such a quantum process
might be instantiated in the brain.
Hameroff was inspired by Penrose's book to contact Penrose regarding his own theories about the mechanism of anesthesia,
and how it specifically targets consciousness via action on neural
microtubules. The two met in 1992, and Hameroff suggested that the
microtubules were a good candidate site for a quantum mechanism in the
brain. Penrose was interested in the mathematical features of the
microtubule lattice, and over the next two years the two collaborated in
formulating the orchestrated objective reduction (Orch-OR) model of consciousness. Following this collaboration, Penrose published his second consciousness book, Shadows of the Mind.
Peter Russell proposes that mind is more fundamental than matter. He
explores the problems science has in explaining consciousness and argues
that consciousness is not created by the brain, but is inherent in all
beings. He states that energy, matter, space and time aren't fixed and possibly there is no material, physical world
except in our minds. He also states that science is actually in a state of
crisis because we have really no idea what matter is or what
consciousness is.
The study of consciousness has intensified over the past few years as new
technological developments in measurement and computer simulation have
enabled the closer investigation of one the most "mysterious" phenomena
in nature, namely the subjective experience of awareness. There is a whole new field of noetics
that has to do with structures of
thought and what it means to be human.
Experts at the very cutting edge of science seem poised to
turn our
world view upside down. To mention just a few: Gary Schwartz, Dr Bruce Lipton, Dr Amit Goswami, Dr Joe
Dispenza, Dr Jude Currivan, Dr Manjir Samanta-Laughton, and Anthony Peake.
The popular media is increasingly concerning itself with New Age mysteries and deep questions. What the Bleep Do We Know!? is a 2004 film that combines
documentary-style interviews, computer-animated graphics, and a
narrative that posits a spiritual connection between quantum physics and
consciousness. The Secret (2006) posits that the law of attraction is a natural
law which determines the complete order of the universe and of our
personal lives through the process of "like attracts like".
Lynne McTaggart was an author, researcher and lecturer, was one of the central voices in
the new consciousness movement bridging science and spirituality. An award-winning, best-selling journalist and author of six books, she became a leading spokesperson "on consciousness, the new
physics, and the practices of conventional and alternative medicine,"
and what she called a whole "new science."
The notion of conscious hologram is based on the generalization of the idea about brain as a hologram. Mounting evidence
seems to indicate that every physical object (both living and
nonliving) has its own unique resonant holographic memory and this
holographic image is stored in the Zero Point Field.
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