Large
problems may seem overwhelming, but broken down into components that
are more manageable, we can more easily begin to make progress. Many of
the world's present problems are created by humans. Individually most
people would like to see things put right. But collectively we seem to
loose our way. For example, when Hitler was rising to power people let it happen.
Why?
Everyday life in the antique cultures was profoundly different than it
is today. Without modern transportation or communications or printed
information, most people lived out their lives in one place with little
knowledge of anything outside their community. Apparently the need for emotional relationships drives human behavior.
The hierarchy of needs is one of the best-known theories of motivation. Created by psychologist Abraham Maslow,
the hierarchy is often displayed as a pyramid, with the most basic
needs at the bottom and more complex needs at the peak. Morality is
apparently less important than social acceptance. Conformity is a type
of social influence involving a change in belief or behavior in order
to fit in with a group – where a person publicly accepts the views of a group even when they privately reject them. This partly explains the persistence of customs and beliefs that may be defective.
The
most vulnerable people are always the most superstitious. The antique
moralities were typically based on a system of religious prohibitions. Under threat of supernatural
punishment, a taboo is a vehement prohibition of an action based on the
belief that such behavior is either too sacred or too accursed for
ordinary individuals to undertake. Such prohibitions are present in virtually all societies.
In many mythological, folklore and religious traditions hell is a
place of eternal torment in an afterlife. It
is viewed by most Abrahamic traditions as a place of
everlasting punishment. We are quick to judge, fear and even hate the unknown. We may not admit it, but we are all plagued with xenophobic tendencies.
Before there
was science or medicine, people didn't live very long. By studying
Egyptian mummies we know that some of the most powerful men who ever lived
died from a simple tooth ache that would be cured easily today. In the
old days illness or injury was very often fatal. Beyond a relatively
few herbal remedies, one could only resort to magic or religion.
Antique morality was primarily concerned with fearful religious prohibitions and a heavy handed oilgarchy. A
dystopia is a community or society that is in some important way
undesirable or frightening. It is the opposite of a utopia. Such
societies appear in many artistic works, particularly in stories set in
a future. Much of present day entertainment is dystopian. Dystopias are often characterized by dehumanization,
totalitarian governments, environmental disaster, or other
characteristics associated with a cataclysmic decline in society.
An
interlocutor is someone who informally explains the views of a
government and also can relay messages back to a government. In religion, a prophet is an individual who is claimed to have been contacted by the supernatural or the divine,
and to speak for them, serving as an intermediary with humanity,
delivering this new found knowledge from the supernatural entity to the
people. The message that the prophet conveys is called a prophecy.
Claims of prophethood have existed in many cultures through history, including Judaism, Christianity, Islam, in Ancient Greece, Zoroastrianism,
and many others. Traditionally, prophets are regarded as having a role
in society that promotes change due to their messages and actions. About
2000 years ago morality became centered around religious figures
such as Jesus, Buddha, and Mohammed. Each man's deeds and words have
attracted admirers and followers who have extended the impact of such
beliefs over many
continents and through many centuries.
Western beliefs were essentially lists of prohibitions -"Thou shalt not."
These prophets all preached against corruption, to
save the soul
even at the expense of the mortal body, and focus is on the
afterlife - a tyranny of guilt and fear which is essentially more
political than religious.
The God of Heaven was thought to be in perpetual conflict with the
Devil
of Hell. The theme here or central issue was a war between good and
evil. Politically this translated into "us against them." The roots of
this polarity run deep and are devastating. Man's inhumanity to man
invariably came under the guise of religious bigotry. Possibly 300 million people have died from secular regimes and wars.
The problem with “us against them” leadership is that it contains within
it the seeds for its own destruction. Ethnocentrism
is the tendency to partition the human world into in-groups and
out-groups. Once the battle lines have been
drawn, it isn't long before the other side recognizes the situation
and responds accordingly. Once that happens, it’s going to be downhill
from there.
Furthermore, it is an addictive response. Once you begin to
see things
as “us against them,” everyone fits into one of those categories, and
the criteria to be “us” gets more and more stringent. Not only that, but
the creativity of the people in your group can become severely
restricted because they become afraid of saying anything, doing
anything, or even thinking anything that can be perceived as
disqualifying them from being on the “us” team. In spite of the
immediate appeal of it, this is a paradigm where everyone loses.
(Remember Hitler.) Those opposed to the dominant regime are apt to be
labeled as dissidents, insurgents, or even terrorists.
Antique morality often not only set man against man but man against the
environment. The alienation of nature is the result of objectifying
nature in just
such a way. This is potentially the most dangerous mistake ever made by
humans.
In the development of transcendent monotheism culture dulled its connection to the natural world and placed the sacred
in a place separate from nature. By removing the sacred from nature,
culture objectified nature and no longer saw itself as a product of
nature but rather a product of the supernatural. Transcendent monotheism
made nature a cultural afterthought, lost in this process was the fact
culture evolved from nature and therefore culture exists within the
natural system. In transcendent monotheism the culture-nature system is
not recognized. Culture is directly tied to the supernatural and
therefore does not need to consult natural systems. But as science has
shown, humanity and culture evolved from nature. So transcendent monotheism
conceived of humanity as a project of the supernatural and nature as an
object as something separate from culture. The Book of Genesis recommends believers to “fill the earth and subdue
it” as if the earth were a separate object from human development, as if
we did not evolve from the earth. The assumption here is the natural
world is to be exploited. This philosophy is deeply problematic if you believe
humanity is part of the natural world rather than something separate
from it. It is particularly problematic now as environmental problems
become more and more daunting.
What has happened is that many people threw out the baby with the bath by abandoning the ancient wisdom traditions entirely, as if they could not be overhauled or updated. Scientism
claims that science alone can render truth about the world and reality.
The biggest failure of
materialist science is its spiritual emptiness. It does
nothing to answer the only meaningful questions in the universe (and
instead regulates these questions to the realm of philosophy).
Objectification means treating a person as a thing, without
regard to their dignity or self-determination. The
most constructive product of science has been technology. But
technology is also the most destructive product of science. Scientism
embraces only empiricism and reason to explain everything.
We develop
increasingly powerful systems that effect an increasingly broad array
of subsystems until we end up with out of control feedback loops
(nuclear meltdowns and global warming are examples of this). Technology
has reached a point where it is self-proliferating. It begins to seem that we couldn't stop
its progress if we wanted to. It is as if we no longer program computers - they
program us. We build a computer and then the limitations of the machine
(automation) frames how we think about subsequent problems. Technology is in
control.
It is interesting that the least
technologically endowed societies report the highest degrees of
subjective satisfaction. Science as a formal methodology has been robbing us of our humanity and our individual freedom to make
moral and spiritual choices, and brings us to the brink of
self-destruction. The essence of technological development is
conformism mediated by efficiency - the Borg. Are we the Borg?
What we
have trouble understanding is that our tools determine our frame of
reference and worldview. Criticisms of Science,
Logic, or Efficiency, is seen as profane. Industrial Society and Its Future begins with Ted Kaczynski's
assertion that "the Industrial Revolution and its consequences have been
a disaster for the human race."
The moral code of our society is so demanding that no one can think,
feel and act in a completely moral way. [...] Some people are so highly
socialized that the attempt to think, feel and act morally imposes a
severe burden on them. In order to avoid feelings of guilt, they
continually have to deceive themselves about their own motives and find
moral explanations for feelings and actions that in reality have a
non-moral origin. We use the term "oversocialized" to describe such
people.
According to Joseph Campbell the old morality of the Book People
was severe - lots of rules with little forgiveness. And in Chinese common law,
it was even more oppressive (steal an orange, lose a hand). Hopefully a new morality will be more interested in a "win-win" philosophy. The greening of this new morality embraces another consideration - is it good for the environment? We are beginning to understand that cold logic
will not always render what is the highest and best course of action when
intuition is excluded. Selfishness can seem logical but any parent
knows better.
20th century technologies of destruction,
such as the nuclear bomb, were limited to large governments, due to the
complexity and cost of such devices, as well as the difficulty in
acquiring the required materials. "Our
most powerful 21st-century technologies — robotics, genetic
engineering, and nanotech — are threatening to make humans an
endangered species." - Bill Joy
The trouble with
most of us isn’t active or deliberate wickedness; it’s lethargy, absence of
caring, lack of involvement in life. The
new morality is simply a unification of what we have learned. It is not
any sort of a continuation of the schism between science and religion.
Science
has already shown, humanity and culture evolved from nature. If you are
religious, you may want to spell Nature with a capital "N." NonDuality is the idea that God is not separate from creation, but IS all creation. In any case, whether you are religious or not,
it is time to accept the fact that continuing the destruction of nature
is not sane, or sustainable.
Astronomers and physicists are confident that the Big Bang happened. But
there are still many questions that remain unanswered – for example,
questions about the supposed existence and nature of Dark Matter and dark energy which is a complete mystery.
From this we might begin to realize that our concept of reality is primitive. Many people think that
science and faith tell conflicting stories about how the universe
began. But they might not be as different as you think. Scientists
speak of a definite moment of creation in a vast cosmic explosion (the
‘Big Bang’), which had to be carefully adjusted for human life to be
possible. Far from conflicting, the scientific picture may point us
towards something supernatural that we simply do not understand. There
may even be countless universes that come into being in a way that is
beyond our understanding. Our hubris in the wholesale destruction of nature makes it clear that we have little appreciation of true reality.
Quotes
- “Dwell on the beauty of life. Watch the stars, and see yourself running with them.” -- Marcus Aurelius, Meditations
- “The world is full of magic things, patiently waiting for our senses to grow sharper.” -- W.B. Yeats
- “How
is it that hardly any major religion has looked at science and
concluded, “This is better than we thought! The Universe is much bigger
than our prophets said, grander, more subtle, more elegant?” Instead
they say, “No, no, no! My god is a little god, and I want him to stay
that way.” A religion, old or new, that stressed the magnificence of
the Universe as revealed by modern science might be able to draw forth
reserves of reverence and awe hardly tapped by the conventional
faiths.” -- Carl Sagan, Pale Blue Dot: A Vision of the Human Future in
Space
- “The most beautiful thing we can experience is the
mysterious. It is the source of all true art and all science. He to
whom this emotion is a stranger, who can no longer pause to wonder and
stand rapt in awe, is as good as dead: his eyes are closed.” -- Albert
Einstein
- “Two things fill the mind with ever-increasing wonder and
awe, the more often and the more intensely the mind of thought is drawn
to them: the starry heavens above me and the moral law within me.” --
Immanuel Kant
- Forty-six percent of Americans believe that God
created humans in their present form at one time within the last 10,000
years. The prevalence of this creationist view of the origin of humans
is essentially unchanged from 30 years ago, when Gallup first asked the
question.
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